Within a single week, the Cambodia cybercrime crackdown arrested over 1,000 suspects linked to operations spanning at least five provinces, including Phnom Penh, Sihanoukville, Poipet, Kratie, and Pursat. The detentions included 85 Cambodians and hundreds of foreigners, from Vietnam, China, Taiwan, Indonesia, Myanmar, Bangladesh, and more.
Prime Minister Hun Manet, citing threats to regional security, directed the Cambodia cybercrime crackdown “to maintain and protect security, public order, and social safety.” He issued a stern warning: officials could lose their jobs if they failed to act.
Decoding the Cambodia Cybercrime Crackdown
These operations, widely known for romance scams, investment fraud, and gambling schemes, allegedly generate billions of dollars annually. According to UN estimates, scammers in Southeast Asia have stolen up to $40 billion, acting through compounds often run by organized crime groups. Police also seized hundreds of mobile phones, computers, and other devices used in these scams.
Despite the sweeping arrests, critics argue this could be little more than Cambodia cybercrime crackdown “reform theater.” Transnational crime analyst Jacob Sims described the operation as “fully performative,” noting that arrested individuals likely represent well under 1% of Cambodia’s estimated 150,000-strong cybercriminal population. He warned that even thousands of arrests are “a rounding error on the regime’s most profitable industry.”
Indeed, such crackdowns mirror previous mass operations in 2022 and 2024, raids that critics say failed to dismantle the underlying infrastructure of cybercrime, reported the Australian Broadcasting Corporation.
State Collusion or Blind Eye?
Human rights organizations have alleged deeper government involvement. In June, Amnesty International released an 18‑month investigation revealing at least 53 scam compounds where trafficked workers, some as young as 13, were held in slave-like conditions, including torture, forced labor, and child exploitation.
Amnesty’s Secretary General, Agnès Callamard, asserted: “Deceived, trafficked and enslaved, the survivors of these scamming compounds describe being trapped in a living nightmare … operating with the apparent consent of the Cambodian government”.
Conclusion
Critics argue that the government’s ruling elite benefit from cybercrime revenues. A May 2025 NGO report suggested that influential business groups, allegedly linked to top officials, host scam operations, further pointing to the state. Observers say this complicity helps maintain patronage networks that protect these cybercrime operations.
The country faces mounting international scrutiny, not just over illicit cybercrime, but its systemic tolerance of transnational cybercrime and associated human trafficking. Calls are growing for sustained reforms: closing scam compounds, prosecuting perpetrators (including officials), and protecting victims.
Until these steps are taken, many believe the crackdown will remain superficial. As one analyst put it, the goal may be more about managing international perceptions than ending Cambodia’s deeply embedded role in cybercrime operations.
